National Sensory Network

In older adults, reduced vision may manifest as difficulty reading small print or seeing in low light. Hearing loss can lead to challenges in understanding conversations, particularly in noisy environments. Changes in taste and smell can affect appetite and nutritional intake, while diminished tactile sensitivity can lead to difficulties with tasks requiring fine motor skills. Decreased proprioception and vestibular function can contribute to balance issues and an increased risk of falls.

Have a look at this case study on A Day in the Life of an Older Adult with Sensory Integration Difficulties.

For carers, families, and healthcare professionals, understanding these sensory changes is crucial. Acknowledging and adapting to these changes can improve the care and support provided to older adults. Simple modifications, such as improving lighting, reducing background noise, and ensuring safe environments, can significantly enhance an older person's ability to navigate and enjoy their surroundings. Tailored interventions and assistive devices can also help mitigate the impact of sensory decline.

Sensory Processing and Dementia

Sensory processing changes can be more pronounced in individuals with dementia. Dementia can affect how sensory information is processed and interpreted, leading to heightened sensitivity or reduced awareness of sensory inputs. These changes can exacerbate confusion, anxiety, and behavioural challenges commonly associated with dementia.

For example, individuals with dementia may become overly sensitive to noise, light, or touch, leading to agitation or distress. Conversely, they might not recognise pain or discomfort, leading to unaddressed medical issues. Sensory-rich environments tailored to individual needs can help manage these challenges. Multisensory stimulation, such as engaging in activities that involve touch, sight, sound, and smell, can provide comfort and enhance well-being.

Healthcare professionals and carers must be attuned to the sensory processing changes in dementia patients. Creating supportive and adaptive environments can reduce sensory overload and improve overall quality of life. Interventions that focus on sensory integration and individualised care plans can help manage symptoms and provide meaningful engagement for those living with dementia.